Sources

Evidence has a hierarchy

A recognizable domain is not enough. The source has to fit the claim.

Primary sources first

Company facts begin with SEC EDGAR filings, issuer investor-relations materials, and audited reports. Fund facts begin with prospectuses, shareholder reports, sponsor documents, and official index rules. Exchange notices and regulator publications support listing, market-structure, and investor-protection claims.

Market data needs its own audit trail

A price is incomplete without a timestamp, currency, exchange context, and adjustment status. Dividend, split, and distribution records are checked separately because an apparently adjusted series can still produce a misleading total-return result.

Secondary sources add context

Reputable reporting and specialist research can explain events or competing interpretations. We attribute those claims and distinguish them from filed facts. Search snippets, AI summaries, and unsourced databases are discovery aids, not final evidence.

When sources disagree

We preserve both readings, identify the date and authority of each, and explain which source carries more weight. We do not average conflicts away or silently select the more convenient number.

Core public resources